Fine structure of the oxynticopeptic cells in the gastric glands of the ruin lizard,Podarcis sicula campestris De Betta, 1857

2000 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppa Esterina Liquori ◽  
Domenico Ferri ◽  
Giovanni Scillitani
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Podarcis Sicula ◽  
Oxynticopeptic Cells

Electron microscopy of the oxynticopeptic cells of the gastric glands and the intestinal glands of the caecum of the guineapig

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Bal ◽  
N. G. Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Pepsinogen Secretion ◽  
Pure Cell ◽  
Haematoxylin And Eosin Stain ◽  
Protein Secreting ◽  
Oxynticopeptic Cells

Histomorphology of the gastric and intestinal glands was investigated in 19 sexually mature, adult guineapigs by light and transmission electron microscopy. Gastric glands exhibited the cytological characteristics of oxynticopeptic cells capable of both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and pepsinogen secretion. In the literature, occurrence of oxynticopeptic cells in tbe proventriculus of the domestic fowl (Toner, 1963; Bell & Freeman, 1971) and in the gastric glands of frogs has been reported (Sedar, 1961; Patt & Patt, 1969; Forte & Forte, 1970). It has been claimed by other investigators (Herriot et al., 1938; Long, 1967) that simultaneous secretion of HCl and pepsinogen by a single, not completely differentiated 'pure' cell type, was highly effective for rapid conversion of the zymogen to active enzyme. Under the light microscope with haematoxylin and eosin stain, the protein secreting activity of gastric glands in guineapigs was masked by the HCl secreting activity, thus morphologically resembling the oxyntic cells. Therefore, different cell types, for example protein-secreting peptic cells and the acid-secreting oxyntic cells, could not be distinguished on the basis of their morphology and staining affinity. For histochemical evaluation of the sections with stains-all method, most cells in the gastric glands responded by a positive reaction to protein. Further, protein containing cells were seen in the intestinal glands of the guineapig caecum. The function of this cell type was correlated with caecotrophic food habits of this species.

Ultrastructure and Morphometric Analysis of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in the Gastric Wall of the Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yujie Huang ◽  
Meiling Gong ◽  
Xianshu Chen ◽  
Yijie Chen ◽  
Bikai Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Gastric Wall ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Tunica Muscularis ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Oxynticopeptic Cells

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) play a vital role in the gastrointestinal motility. However, information on ICC in lower vertebrates is rare. Here, ICC and ICC-like features of the gastric wall in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The lengths and distances of the ICC/ICC-like features were measured by morphometric analysis. The gastric wall contained mucosa, submucosa, tunica muscularis, and serosa. The gastric glands contained mucous cells and oxynticopeptic cells. The ICC with 1–3 processes were located among smooth muscle cells (SMC) of the tunica muscularis. Moreover, the ICC-like features were observed among oxynticopeptic cells of the mucosa. The processes of ICC established direct contacts with SMC. Also, the gap junctions were observed between the processes of ICC and nerve fiber bundles in the tunica muscularis. The multivesicular bodies, including shedding exosomes, were frequently observed between ICC and SMC. In addition, ICC-like features and their processes were observed in close proximity to oxynticopeptic cells and blood vessels. Our findings illustrated that ICC are present in the gastric tunica muscularis, and ICC-like features were in the mucosal lamina propria of the gastric wall of R. catesbeiana. These histological evidences supported the notion that ICC are implicated in gastric motility.

Ultrastructure of fetal alimentary organs: stomach and spiral intestine in the southern stingray, Dasyatis americana

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1431-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Hamlett ◽  
John A. Musick ◽  
Allison M. Eulitt ◽  
Robert L. Jarrell ◽  
Matthew A. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Enteroendocrine Cells ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Spiral Intestine ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Spiral Valve ◽  
Apical Cytoplasm ◽  
Lysosomal System ◽  
Fetal Intestine ◽  
Oxynticopeptic Cells

In the fetal southern stingray, Dasyatis americana, both the stomach and spiral intestine function early in development to digest and absorb nutrient histotroph elaborated by uterine villi termed trophonemata. The gastric mucosa consists of a surface columnar mucous epithelium that is confluent with gastric pits or foveolae. Gastric glands are populated by oxynticopeptic and enteroendocrine cells. The surface mucous cells are pyramidal with apical microvilli. Oxynticopeptic cells are low columnar with a distinct and elaborate tubulovesicular system in the apical cytoplasm. Microvilli line the lumen of the gastric glands and cells have elaborate interdigitating lateral folds. Enteroendocrine cells are characterized by basal granules and a prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum. The fetal intestine is filled with bile-tinged viscous fluid. A core of submucosa supports spiral intestinal plicae that form the spiral valve from which villi project. The most prominent characteristic of the cells are enormous supranuclear vesicles formed by coalescence of smaller endocytotic vesicles. The apical cytoplasm has a profusion of smooth tubules, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes. The large vesicles are interpreted as storage depots for continually ingested histotroph. Small vesicles may then bud off to be digested via the lysosomal system.

scholarly journals THE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE GASTRIC MUCOSA IN THE BAT

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Ito ◽  
Robert J. Winchester
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Mucous Neck Cells

A description of the cytology of the gastric mucosa is presented based upon an electron microscopic investigation of the bat stomach. The fine structure of the various cell types in this species is fundamentally similar to that of the corresponding cell types of other mammals, but the relative cell numbers and distribution are somewhat different. (a). The surface mucous cells are identified by their superficial location and by the character of their dense secretory granules. (b). The mucous neck cells are distinguished by a characteristically different appearance and distribution of their mucous granules, and by their varied shape and their location between parietal cells. (c). The parietal cells are very large and have unusually prominent secretory canaliculi and an extraordinary number of large mitochondria. (d). The chief cells are found at the base of the gastric glands and are similar in their fine structure to other zymogenic cells. They contain many large zymogen granules and have an extensively developed granular endoplasmic reticulum. The latter is sometimes aggregated in unusual, hexagonally packed straight tubules, each with twelve longitudinal rows of ribosomes uniformly spaced around its circumference and with the rows of ribosomes in precise register with those of adjoining tubules. (e). Argentaffin cells lodged between other cell types vary sufficiently in the structure of their mitochondria and the character of their specific granules to suggest that they are of more than one kind. The majority are at the base of the epithelium but some extend to the lumen and bear microvilli on their free surface.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF THE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE GASTRIC PARIETAL CELL (DOG) WITH FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE STOMACH

1961 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
M. H. F. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Parietal Cell ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Secretory Cycle ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Acid Secreting

The fine structure of the parietal (oxyntic) cell in the gastric glands (corpus of the stomach) of the dog was examined under conditions of active gastric acid secretion and compared with cellular structure in the non-acid-secretory (basal) state. Animals, in both acute and chronic experiments, were equipped with gastric fistulae so that gastric juice could be collected for analysis of total acidity, free acidity, volume, and pH prior to biopsy of the gastric mucosa. The specimens of mucosa were fixed in buffered OsO4 and embedded in n-butyl methacrylate and the thin sections were stained with lead hydroxide before examination in the electron microscope. A majority of parietal cells showed an alteration of fine structure during stimulation of gastric acid secretion by a number of different techniques (electrical vagal stimulation, histamine administration, or insulin injection). The changes in fine structure affected mainly the smooth surfaced vesicular elements and the intracellular canaliculi in the cytoplasm of the cell. The mitochondria also appeared to be involved to some extent. During acid secretion a greater concentration of smooth surface profiles is found adjacent to the walls of the intracellular canaliculi; other parietal cells exhibited a marked decrease in number of smooth surfaced elements. Intracellular canaliculi, always present in non-acid-secreting oxyntic cells, develop more extensively in cells of acid-secreting gastric glands. The surface area of these canaliculi is greatly increased by the elaboration of a large number of closely approximated and elongated microvilli. Still other parietal cells apparently in a different stage of the secretory cycle exhibit non-patent canaliculi lacking prominence; such cells have very few smooth surfaced vesicular elements. These morphological findings correlated with the acid-secretory state of the stomach provide evidence that the parietal cell participates in the process of acid secretion.

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